Monitoring and Inference of Behavioral Resistance in Beneficial Insects to Insecticides in Two Pest Control Systems: IPM and Organic

Pyrethrins are the most widely used insecticide class in olive groves with organic management. Although there data sets about insect pests of stored products and human parasites developing resistance to pyrethrins, is no information on long-term effect agroecosystems. A field method based experimental induction sublethal effects by means application, monitoring response insects through post-treatment sampling, has recently been developed. This allowed for detection populations behaviorally resistant organophosphates integrated pest management (IPM) conventional crops. With application a similar methodology, this study aimed verify possible reaction natural enemies crops, using pyrethrins as an inducing insecticide. The was carried out 2019 two southern Spain (Jaén, Andalusia), one them being IPM other production system. results did not allow verification behavioral both against while dimethoate, verified causes involved obtaining these discussed.